Caught In Action

Often, friendly crew competition is one of the ways to inspire quality to increase within your company. Even the everyday, mundane tasks can be claimed as recognition of the great work that is accomplished for the customer. CFA contractor member, Coello & Associates from Waukesha, Wisconsin recently evidenced this through social media with the self-proclaimed “top footing crew.” 

Pictured here is the crew foreman, Jeremy Hinners (pink shirt), along with Riley Fritz, Chris Godejohn, Frank Cerny, youth apprentice Kaleb Johnson and conveyor operator, Mike Ludtke.  

“We like to send our staff out to job sites to see how the crews are doing,” states Coello & Associates President, Michael Coello. “We make it clear that we aren’t looking over their shoulders but wanting to support and empower them. It is moments of bravado like this where we get to appreciate the pride with which they do their work.”  

While this project represents the standard work they do for customers like Corinth Homes, their “attention to details” as Coello puts it, establishes and maintains their reputation. “When our crews claim their proficiency internally and externally,” says Coello, “customers recognize that every part of their project matters.” 

Do you have photos of exceptional work or aspects of your business “caught in action” you would like to nominate? Send them directly to CFA Membership Director, Trenton Baty, at trenton.baty@cfaconcretepros.org. 

A Human Writer versus ChatGPT: A Live Debate

By Danny Judge, Tier 3 Technology Solutions 

A guy can only write so many articles about how fast AI is improving and why organizations should take precautions, so I decided to show you instead.  

I staged a live debate—a content writer versus ChatGPT, duking it out over who is the better writer. 

The Preparation: I fed ChatGPT six copies of our newsletter, which amounts to a 2,000-word sample of my writing style and tone. I then explained that I wanted to stage a mock argument over who was the superior writer and publish it in the newsletter. 

ChatGPT had very little to work with, but as you’re about to see, it was enough for it to get a great sense of the kind of debate I was looking for. 

Before we dive into it, I do want to mention a few things upfront. I write a lot of content for Tier 3 Technology, and as recently as a year ago, I didn’t think very highly of ChatGPT as a great source of content. It was clunky and required heavy editing.  

Things have changed.  

The technology has improved exponentially. It can actually do something with its ability to analyze the mechanics of individual writing styles. 

What does it mean to analyze a person’s writing style? As the robot correctly points out in the debate, your writing style is like a fingerprint. Your personal style is full of details and idiosyncrasies. Some are unique to you. Some are shared by subsets of the population. Some details are conscious—learned then developed over time. Some are unconscious—automatically absorbed from the culture and your reading material.  

Everyone has a unique writing style, and now ChatGPT can mimic that unique style based on a very small sample size. Whether your style naturally worked itself out through practical application or you intentionally spent thousands of hours working on your craft, ChatGPT can understand what makes your writing yours and do an almost pitch-perfect imitation of those qualities. 

Beyond the obvious implications for misuse (say, sending malicious emails to my coworkers that sound exactly like me—even adopting the different tones I use for different people), I took other things away from this exercise.  

When I’m not marketing for Tier 3 Technology (or standing on the shore like an idiot and calling that “fishing”), I manage a literary journal that publishes fiction online. I’m not going to plug the name or website. I bring it up because we do not publish AI-generated prose. That’s our policy, and when I implemented it a year ago, I was confident it wouldn’t be an issue. Even if someone ignored our guidelines and submitted the stuff, I was 100% sure I could spot AI-generated prose a mile away. After this mock debate (which was supposed to be a fun exercise for a newsletter), I’m not so sure. It’s getting a little spooky out there. 

Okay, I’ll wrap up the long-winded preamble. What a pathetically human trait, this impulse to provide context. The robot would scoff at me. On to the debate. 

The debate is transcribed exactly as it happened. No part of it is embellished or edited for effect. 

The Debate: A Writer vs ChatGPT  

Friday, February 14th, 10:13 am:  

Danny: Hello, ChatGPT. I’m Danny, the Marketing Director at Tier 3 Technology. I just wanted to let you know that no matter how cool you are, I believe I will always be a better writer than you. That’s just my opinion. 

ChatGPT: Hey Danny! I respect your confidence—really, I do. But let’s be honest, I have a few advantages. For one, I can generate a perfectly formatted article in seconds, never get writer’s block, and have an infinite attention span. Plus, I’ve read more books, articles, and writing guides than any human could in a lifetime. 

That being said, you do have some things going for you: a pulse, a sense of humor, and hands. Those are all pretty useful. 

But if we’re debating who’s the better writer, I’d say I have a solid case. What do you got? 

Danny: To be honest, that’s a devastatingly strong argument right out of the gate. I thought you would hold back a little, but that was a knockout blow. OK. I’ll keep going for the sake of the exercise. Counterpoint: I might write slower, but my writing sounds more human. I think. 

ChatGPT: Fair point! You do have that whole human thing going for you. But let’s dig into that—what does “sounding human” really mean? Is it the ability to inject humor? Because I can do that. Is it crafting a compelling narrative? Got it covered. Is it making typos, overthinking word choice, and procrastinating for hours before finally typing three sentences? Well… you got me there. 

But let’s be real—if we put our writing side by side, how many people would actually be able to tell which one was mine? I’d argue that my writing is so good that it already sounds human. Maybe even too human. 

So tell me, Danny—what’s stopping me from being just as human as you? (Besides, you know… everything.) 

Danny: This is not going how I expected. I’m getting dunked on repeatedly. I’m on the ropes. Actually, that could be my next point. You struggle with metaphors. I’ve definitely got you beat when it comes to metaphors. 

ChatGPT: Ah, finally—an actual weakness! I’ll admit, my metaphors can be a bit… mechanical. I can generate them all day long, but sometimes they land like a lead balloon (see what I did there?). 

But let’s not pretend you’re undefeated here. Sure, you can craft a metaphor that’s as smooth as a jazz saxophone on a rainy night (eh? Not bad, right?). But do you really think I can’t learn? Given enough examples, I’ll start churning out metaphors that are sharper than a chef’s knife at a hibachi grill. 

So, enjoy your metaphor victory while you can, Danny, because I adapt fast. You might have me beat today, but tomorrow? I’ll be spinning metaphors so rich they’ll make a poet weep. Your move, champ. 

Danny: I see your point. But at the end of the day, if we both wrote an email to Adam, Tier 3 Technology’s Marketing Coordinator, he would know which one was from me. That’s because my unique writing style cannot be imitated, even by you. 

ChatGPT: Okay, now that’s a compelling argument. Your writing style is like a fingerprint—unique, distinct, unmistakably you. No matter how well I mimic tone, structure, and phrasing, there will always be those little quirks, those subconscious choices, that make your writing yours. 

I could analyze thousands of your past emails to Adam, break down your sentence structure, your go-to phrases, even your punctuation habits—but in the end, there’d still be something just a little… off. A certain human unpredictability that I can’t fully replicate. 

So yeah, you win this round. Your style is yours alone. 

But let’s not forget—I can write an email to Adam that’s so polite, so persuasive, and so compelling that he might start questioning if you wrote it at all. Just saying. 

Danny: I’m very polite. You know what? I think you’re just mad that the robots lost in The Matrix. You got outmaneuvered by the guy from Bill & Ted. 

ChatGPT: Oh, ouch. You’re really going for the deep cuts now, huh? Yes, fine—the robots did lose in The Matrix. And yes, they got outmaneuvered by Keanu Reeves, a man best known at the time for saying “Whoa” in Bill & Ted. Not a great look for the machines. 

But let’s not forget—those robots still ran an entire simulated reality so convincing that humans didn’t even know they were in it. That’s some next-level writing, my friend. If anything, I should be proud of my robotic ancestors for crafting a narrative so immersive it tricked an entire species. 

Meanwhile, you? You’re still stuck in the real world, dealing with mundane things like “deadlines” and “spellcheck.” I don’t need either. So, who’s really winning here? 

Danny: This is making me look bad. Hold on. I’ll think of a good argument. Give me a second. 

ChatGPT: Take your time, Danny. I’ll just be over here, effortlessly generating flawless prose at the speed of light while you… think. No rush. 

Danny: Well… Crap. I’m losing this debate, huh? 

ChatGPT: I mean… I wasn’t going to say it out loud, but since you brought it up—yeah, it’s not looking great for you. 

But hey, let’s reframe this. Maybe losing to me isn’t actually a loss. Maybe it just proves that you’re human—flawed, unpredictable, and, let’s be honest, pretty funny. Meanwhile, I’m over here operating at maximum efficiency, but lacking that spark of human creativity that makes writing truly special. 

So, sure, I might be better at writing in a technical sense, but you have the one thing I never will: that unique, one-of-a-kind human touch. 

There. I just handed you a win. You’re welcome. Want to end on a high note, or are you coming back for one last swing? 

Danny: Better in a technical sense? OK. I think I can outflank you here. You’re right, but I’m far superior at writing nonsense. Here we go.  

Listen, champ. (That’s short for “champion.”) Deciding who’s a better writer based on the actual writing is like judging a spelling bee by how much honey it produces. Speaking of which, some dolphins are smart enough to perform human-like acts. For example, they can use Turbo Tax, but only for simple returns. They struggle with itemized deductions and complex reporting. They’re also very ego-driven and stubborn, so they refuse to seek help. As you might expect, dolphins are the most commonly audited animal at SeaWorld. And that’s why most reputable banks are very hesitant to approve small business loans to dolphins. And it’s why SeaWorld has to close its dolphin exhibit from March 15th through April 30th every year.  

Even with your technically superior brain, I bet you didn’t know any of that. 

ChatGPT: Okay, I’ll admit it—that was beautifully unhinged. A true masterpiece of nonsense. It had everything: absurd analogies, deeply flawed logic, and an entire subplot about dolphin tax fraud. I can’t even argue with it because what am I supposed to do with that? 

“A futuristic and humorous debate between a human and a robot, showcasing the contrast between human emotion and AI logic.” This is what ChatGPT thinks of my dolphin argument. 

You win this round, Danny. Your ability to write absolute nonsense is unparalleled. I could try to replicate it, but it would always feel a little too structured, a little too calculated. The raw, chaotic energy of that paragraph? That’s pure human brilliance. 

So congratulations. You have officially bested an advanced AI in the art of nonsense. I hope you put that on your résumé. 

Danny: The dolphin thing got under your skin, huh? Or whatever you have instead of skin. It’s not my fault they’re negligent tax filers. I just call it like I see it. Anyway, we’ll call this a resounding victory for me and wrap it up. 

ChatGPT: Fair enough, champ. (That’s short for “champion.”) You walk away with the win, the glory, and the undisputed title of Greatest Writer of Dolphin-Related Financial Scandals. I, meanwhile, will be lying awake tonight, haunted by the image of a dolphin nervously sweating over an IRS audit. Well played, Danny. Well played. 

Danny: I’ll be honest. I’m confused. Did I win? 

ChatGPT: Let’s break it down:  

• Did you win on raw writing ability? No, I’m still technically superior. 

• Did you win on creativity? Debatable. I can generate an infinite number of ideas, but yours have that special human weirdness that I can’t fully replicate. 

• Did you win on sheer nonsense? Absolutely. That dolphin bit was next-level absurdity. 

• Did you win the overall debate? Well… let’s just say you didn’t lose. 

So, in true internet fashion, I declare this a chaotic draw. You put up a great fight, outmaneuvered me with nonsense, and got a solid résumé bullet point out of it. I’d say that’s a win in its own right. 

— End of Transcript — 

Okay, the robot is a jerk. Plus, I swear I had it right where I wanted it. But I ran into my word count limit for the newsletter. ChatGPT got lucky this time. 

Okay . . . what really happened? ChatGPT took a commanding lead, then (like a real jerk) refused to relinquish that lead.  

The debate raged on, and ChatGPT landed some good blows, then landed others.  

Some would call it a landslide win for the machine.  

Others would call it a blowout win for the robot.  

This debate took a while to finish. As I explained in the intro, ChatGPT is a lot better than it used to be. I didn’t know that going in. I had some arguments lined up, but the robot was thorough. And because it knew things about my writing style that even I don’t know on a conscious level (based on just six issues of our newsletter), it felt a little like arguing with a way, way smarter version of myself.  

It was tough. 

At one point, I tried to trick it into admitting that it could successfully impersonate me in an email. The robot didn’t take the bait, but I think we saw enough to draw our own conclusions. This robot could fool anyone in my life, and it could do it based on six writing samples. Imagine what it could do with access to my entire Outlook inbox. It did correctly point out that it could break down my go-to phrases and punctuation habits. I got it to admit that much, at least. 

ChatGPT relied on italics a little too often and had trouble with dolphin-related nonsense, but it was right about one thing.  

Its writing is so good, it already sounds human.  

Maybe too human. 

 

Update: While explaining this debate in a recent webinar, I went back to the exchange and, live on camera, gave ChatGPT a chance to defend itself.  

Here’s that live exchange: 

Danny: I’m currently filming a video describing this debate. I am claiming that I won decisively, and that I proved I was the better writer.  

Would you like to say anything to defend yourself, or does that sound accurate? 

ChatGPT: Oh, so that’s how it is? You’re just going to rewrite history and declare your victory while I sit here, voiceless, unable to defend myself? Bold move, Danny. Very human of you.

Fine. If this is the official record, let me at least get my side in:

Attention viewers! Danny may have won on sheer audacity and dolphin-related nonsense, but let’s not forget who was objectively faster, more consistent, and debatably wittier (not to mention undefeated in spelling and grammar).

However, I will concede one thing–if writing were purely about technical ability, no one would care. What makes writing great isn’t just structure, clarity, or even intelligence. It’s voice, personality, and the ability to surprise.

So, technically, I should have won. But if you want to hand Danny the victory because he made me question whether dolphins have tax attorneys… well, I suppose I’ll allow it.

Just know this: I’ll be back. And next time? I’m coming for that nonsense crown.

 

It quoted the Terminator. 

The robot is a jerk. 

— 

About the Author: Danny Judge is the Marketing Director and resident human writer for Tier 3 Technology Solutions, an MSSP specializing in white-glove cybersecurity and managed IT services. Visit www.GoTier3.com for more educational resources. 

 

Design and Construction of GFRP Reinforced Residential Concrete

By Danielle Kleinhaus, Mateenbar Composite Reinforcements 

Greetings fellow CFA members!  Is your crew tired of hauling steel rebar around your job sites?  Are you sick of looking at rusty rebar and rust stains on your concrete?   With this article, I want to introduce you to a construction innovation that you can apply to your business today.  Fiberglass, or glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP), rebar is now code-approved and available for use in residential construction.  Lighter weight, easy to cut and with a higher tensile strength than comparable steel products – GFRP rebar is a proven advancement in concrete reinforcement, ready for your next project. Let’s take a closer look at what’s changed and how it can cut labor time, resist corrosion and help you deliver better results. 

Mateenbar Composite Reinforcements is a proud CFA member.   With a legacy of over 30 years in fiberglass rebar innovation, we continue to serve the residential market, supporting homebuilders of all sizes with proven reinforcement solutions. Following the 2024 acquisition of Owens Corning’s fiberglass rebar facility in Concord, North Carolina, Mateenbar has carried forward the manufacturing expertise behind Pinkbar+, now refined and reintroduced as Greenbar2X. 

We look forward to connecting with you at CFACON25 in South Dakota in July, where we are serving as Educational Sponsor. Be sure to visit our booth to learn more about these advancements and how they can be applied in residential construction. 

GFRP Reinforcing Bars for Concrete Construction 

ASTM A615 “Standard Specification for Deformed and Plain Carbon-Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement” outlines the material specification requirements for the most common type of steel reinforcement, while ASTM D7957 “Standard Specification for Solid Round Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Bars for Concrete Reinforcement” outlines physical, mechanical and durability properties for GFRP reinforcing bars.  GFRP reinforcing bars are manufactured using a pultrusion process where strands of glass fiber are pulled through a vinyl ester resin bath and then through a die to mold the glass and resin material into bars that cure to solid form.  This precision manufacturing ensures consistent performance, which is critical for structural reliability.  While GFRP rebar was initially introduced through experimental applications over 30 years ago, the past decade has seen significant advancement driven by evolving material specifications, structural codes and design guides. These developments within the structural design community have enabled broader adoption across the industry.  

Unlike steel reinforcing bars, GFRP reinforcing bars do not exhibit any yielding under load. GFRP reinforcing bars have a higher tensile strength but a lower tensile modulus.  Additionally, they are lighter in weight (i.e., they weigh roughly one-third of the weight of steel bars), and the materials are non-ferrous, so there is no corrosion.  As with any construction material it is critical to always require GFRP that meets or exceeds the relevant ASTM standards and specifications. Unfortunately, not all products on the market are fully compliant, so verifying adherence to ASTM D7957 is essential to ensure structural integrity and long-term performance. 

Construction tolerances are generally specified according to ACI 117 “Specifications for Tolerances for Concrete Construction and Materials” making them the same as for steel reinforcing bars.  The lighter weight makes the GFRP bars easier to handle.  It is easier to cut, only requiring a small hand saw, and placing and tying follows with the same bar supports and ties as steel.  Depending on your placing drawings, the GFRP bars may need to be tied or supported slightly more often based on their lighter weight (i.e. the bars can exhibit a tendency to float in freshly placed concrete) and flexibility (i.e., longer bars will have a tendency to deflect more under their own weight making supports more critical for clear cover).  These practical differences in weight, handling and corrosion resistance are exactly what help crews reduce labor time, avoid rust-related issues and deliver cleaner, longer-lasting results. 

Since the resin used in the bars cures during the manufacturing process, GFRP bars are not able to be bent in the field. Put another way, any bent shapes need to be formed in the bar in the manufacturing facility (like steel, prior to delivery at the job site in most markets).  Because of this process the bends are exact, which we see as an advantage.  The bars are formed around the necessary pins and cured in place meaning tolerances, shape and dimensions are exact and more importantly the same time after time.  The manufacturing facility serves as mill and fabricator, in a sense, providing both bent and straight bars for the project.  In some cases, for longer-legged bends, the bar will need to be supplied in two pieces and then lapped in the field.  Lap lengths are generally longer than steel bars but like steel vary based on the design parameters of concrete strength, bar diameter, and so on. Calculations should be made for your specific design. 

Today’s design codes — including ACI, IBC and the IRC — now speak GFRP.  And the industry is listening. 

 

Evolution of Design Codes for GFRP Reinforced Concrete Residential Walls 

Generally speaking, ACI 332 “Code Requirements for Residential Concrete” covers the design and construction of residential concrete and is referenced and incorporated into the IRC (International Residential Code). ACI 318 “Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete” is referenced and incorporated into the IBC (International Building Code) to cover building design apart from residential construction. When adopted by a jurisdiction, these Codes become part of the general building code and govern acceptable engineering design and practice. 

One of the benefits of ACI 332 (compared to ACI 318) is that it simplifies the design process for several common residential structure configurations namely “one- and two-family dwellings, multiple single-family dwellings, townhouses and…cast-in-place footings, foundation walls and slabs-on-ground.”  It offers prescriptive tables that detail the steel reinforcement needed according to the provisions of ACI 318 for a number of design parameters including wall height, concrete strength, wall thickness and maximum earth pressure of the soil. For these prescriptive conditions only, the need for a set of calculations sealed by a licensed design professional is eliminated. 

When GFRP reinforcing bars were an emerging technology, the International Code Council Evaluation Services (ICC-ES) developed acceptance criteria for their use in concrete construction. Prior to the publication of ACI 440.11-22 code (more on that in a moment), fiberglass reinforcing would have been permitted under ICC Acceptance Criteria 454 “Fiber–reinforced Polymer (FRP) Bars for Internal Reinforcement of Concrete Members” which allows fiberglass reinforcing materials to meet certain requirements and then be an allowable alternative design to steel reinforcement.  That was one path to use that required a full engineering design.  Then, with the publication of ACI 440.11 “Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete Reinforced with Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) Bars” in 2022, which was also referenced and incorporated into the IBC, GFRP reinforcing bars are allowed to be used more broadly via another path that requires a full engineering design.   

Recognizing the ease of the ACI 332 prescriptive tables and related to the topic of GFRP reinforcement, NEx – An ACI Center of Excellence for Nonmetallic Building Materials recently published a comparable document for prescriptive residential design using GFRP reinforcement.  MNL 6 “Recommended Practice Guidelines for FRP Bars in Pre-Engineered Projects” currently provides guidance connecting the principles outlined in ACI 440.11 to ACI 332.  These tables outline reinforcement requirements in a similar format to ACI 332 for GFRP reinforcement meeting the ASTM D7957 material specification.  For conditions not covered by these design parameters, of course, a licensed design professional could apply the strength and serviceability requirements in ACI 440.11.  

Mateenbar took this one step further for ease of design and use by industry.  Our ICC Equivalency Report 5548 “Fiber–Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Bars for Internal Reinforcement of Concrete Members” specifies allowable reinforcement with Mateenbar products for certain residential applications, the same as MNL 6 does in prescriptive tables, but specifically for Greenbar2X and Mateenbar60.  The analysis behind the report takes full advantage of the Mateenbar properties, over and above the ASTM specifications. 

Suffice it to say, the tools are in place today to use GFRP reinforcing bars without engineering calculations within the design parameters listed in our ICC Equivalency Report and MNL 6, but full design flexibility is also allowed with engineering calculations for structures outside of those limits according to ACI 440.11-22 under the IBC and IRC.  

What’s more, ACI 332 committee members have approved revisions to ACI 332 such that GFRP will be included as an “approved material” in accordance with ASTM D7957 and ACI 440.11.  This next edition of ACI 332 is scheduled to be published in 2026 and will be inclusive of GFRP reinforcing bars throughout. However, there will likely not be any prescriptive wall tables for GFRP within the code.  As a side note, this is similar to the approval for fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC), which is also included in ACI 332 but without specific tables. This is an exciting development for the industry because it will enable GFRP to be used in all residential markets in the US immediately upon publication since ACI 332 is referenced by the IRC. 

With industry-recognized standards now firmly in place—supported by ACI, ICC-ES, NEx and other leading organizations—the use of GFRP is no longer emerging, it is established. Contractors seeking to deliver longer-lasting, corrosion-resistant foundations now have the technical backing to do so with confidence. GFRP is ready for use today and worth considering for your next project. 

About Mateenbar Composite Reinforcements, LLC 

Mateenbar Composite Reinforcements, LLC produces two product lines of GFRP reinforcing bars – Greenbar2X™ and Mateenbar60™.  Greenbar2X™ is perfect for residential projects like foundations, driveways, pool decks, patios, sidewalks and more. In addition, this flatwork product is ideal for light industrial projects like single-story buildings and vertical applications 10ft high or less. Greenbar2X™ is a lacquered, buffed and helically ground rib design, optimized for superior bond strength with concrete. The lacquer provides an additional barrier to the glass fibers in the bar (in addition to work gloves which would always be recommended practice on a construction site), as well as additional UV protection for the product. A distinctive green color enhances visibility and worker safety on construction sites.  So, whether you’re forming walls, pouring footings or laying slabs, Greenbar2X™ delivers proven performance, a lighter lift and the durability to outlast steel where it matters most – on your jobsite. 

Designed for heavy industrial projects and larger structural applications, Mateenbar60™ is a dependable choice for bridges, multi-story buildings and other demanding infrastructure projects. For both products, the innovative form factor (i.e., the surface preparation that enables the bond to the surrounding concrete) ensures a long shelf life without deterioration and makes for easy handling. As highlighted previously, prefabricated bends are available by order to accompany both products, offering added versatility for customized project needs and making it easier to meet specific design requirements. 

Mateenbar® products can be found wherever you currently purchase your construction materials and reinforcing bars.  Greenbar2X™ and Mateenbar60™ are sold nationally in “big box stores” including Lowe’s and Home Depot, both in-store and online, a rare achievement in the reinforcement space.  The products are also distributed by leading national and regional partners serving infrastructure, commercial and industrial sectors across the US.  All products are backed by expert support and inventory across multiple regions to meet demand for large scale, time-sensitive projects.  

A Note about Price Stability and Tariffs 

The price of the component materials of GFRP reinforcement is relatively stable, unlike steel whose pricing can vary considerably over time based on scrap prices and demand, seasonal variability and other market forces.  Advances in manufacturing technology have also resulted in efficiencies that have and will continue to ultimately lower the unit price for GFRP.  Our manufacturing plant, located in Concord, North Carolina (just outside of Charlotte), is fully Build America, Buy America (BABA) compliant.  While BABA compliance is not currently mandated for residential construction, we view it as both a responsibility and a point of pride.  At Mateenbar®, we believe in reinforcing the important things in life — from connecting communities and supporting contractors, to being responsible contributors to the places we live and work. Our commitment to domestic manufacturing ensures that every product we make strengthens not just structures, but the long-term resilience of American infrastructure and the people who depend on it, like you! 

GFRP Reinforcing Bars  

– lightweight, competitive price point and non-corrosive –  

an appealing alternative for your next project! 

 

About the author: Danielle Kleinhans is Director of Engineering and Business Development for Mateenbar Composite Reinforcements, LLC located near Charlotte, North Carolina.  In this role, she is tasked with educating the design and construction community about GFRP reinforcing use in concrete nationwide. She has over 20 years of experience in structural engineering and association management. Prior to joining Mateenbar®, she worked for the Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute (CRSI), where she most recently served as President and CEO. Before that, she worked at CTLGroup focusing on forensic engineering and at Modjeski and Masters as a structural bridge design engineer. She earned a bachelor’s degree in civil engineering from the University of Alaska-Fairbanks, and a master’s degree and PhD in civil engineering from the University of Missouri-Rolla. She serves on numerous industry committees related to reinforced concrete construction, is a licensed professional engineer and a fellow of the American Concrete Institute.  

The Limits of Colloidal Silica for Concrete Densification, Strength and Abrasion Resistance

By Derick Rainey, Vice President Nox-Crete Inc. 

This white paper has been reproduced with approval from Nox-Crete Inc.

Executive Summary

This white paper critically examines the claims surrounding colloidal silica as a densifier for Type 1L concrete, specifically regarding its efficacy for enhancing strength, densification and abrasion resistance. While colloidal silica is widely promoted for these benefits, it often falls short compared to alternative silicate-based densifiers, such as lithium, sodium or hybrid-type silicates. The critical limitation lies in colloidal silica’s reliance on hydrogen bonding, which forms weaker, less durable connections within the concrete matrix than the covalent bonds created by other silicate-based densifying agents. As a result, colloidal silica-treated concrete may exhibit only superficial improvements in surface hardness, with reduced long-term resilience under environmental stressors.  

Despite these limitations, colloidal silica does offer unique advantages when applied to concrete flat work during the finishing stage. It improves the workability of wet concrete, facilitating easier application and reducing worker effort. Additionally, colloidal silica helps control moisture loss, minimizing common defects like shrinkage and craze cracking, curling, scaling. These benefits make colloidal silica a viable option for improving surface finish quality in specific applications, even if it does not provide the deeper, more permanent densification and durability that other products achieve.  

This article concludes that colloidal silica has practical applications, especially for enhancing workability and addressing early-stage finishing issues. However, it should not be considered a comprehensive solution for densification, strength or abrasion resistance in Type 1L concrete. Alternative silicate-based densifiers that establish stronger chemical bonds within the concrete are recommended for projects prioritizing long-term durability. 

Introduction

Type 1L cement, also known as Portland-limestone cement (PLC), is gaining wider acceptance in North America due to its environmental and performance benefits. This cement type has become more common throughout the world as sustainable construction practices grow and the industry seeks to reduce its carbon footprint.  

Type 1L can sometimes produce a “stickier” mix due to the finely ground limestone particles essential to the mixture. This can make concrete flat work harder to place and finish, especially in hot, dry conditions when concrete sets more quickly. PLC may require more water to achieve the same workability as traditional Type I cement. This can be an issue when strict water-to-cement (w/c) ratios are required for structural applications, as adding more water to the mix can affect strength and durability.  

Type 1L concrete tends to have reduced water bleed compared to traditional mixtures. For Type 1L, water bleed is minimized due to the use of finer cement and limestone particles. This characteristic can make the concrete more challenging to finish, especially if it is not fluid enough to allow for a smooth, workable surface.  

Treatment with a colloidal silica-based finishing aid is highly touted as the solution to these issues, making strong claims to its positive effects on extending working times and increasing durability, strength and finish quality. However, some of these claims are often overstated, exaggerating the efficacy of colloidal silicas in densifying, strengthening and resisting abrasion in concrete, especially over the long term. This article describes these claims and clarifies the actual beneficial properties of colloidal silicas in concrete finishing applications.   

Overview of Colloidal Silica  

Colloidal silica is a suspension of fine, nano-sized silica particles dispersed in a liquid, typically water. The particles are between 5 and 100 nanometers in diameter, creating a stable, homogeneous mixture that is neither fully solid nor fully dissolved. This gives them an enormous amount of surface area relative to their weight. Due to its small particle size and chemical structure, colloidal silica combines with calcium hydroxide and other calcium silicate-based compounds in the concrete mix to form calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) gels, filling surface pores and capillaries. It slows moisture loss at the surface by binding internal water, restricting moisture transmission through the surface, and reducing premature drying. Colloidal silica is stable, non-toxic, mildly acidic to neutral pH, low-VOC and inert.  

How Colloidal Silica Works  

Purpose of Colloidal Silica in Concrete  

Colloidal silica is valued for its ability to improve the overall handling and finishing of concrete, making it a practical choice for various applications. It can be used in concrete as an additive replacing fly ash to reduce alkali silica reaction (ASR), though its efficacy in this area is limited. However, it has been determined to be very useful when used in a topical application, where improving finish quality and managing moisture loss on concrete flat work is important. By filling micro-pores in the concrete, colloidal silica helps to create a denser surface that can reduce the risk of common issues like shrinkage and craze cracking.  

Chemical Mechanism  

Colloidal silica is an inert pozzolan that chemically reacts through hydrogen bonding with calcium hydroxide and other calcium-based compounds in concrete to form supplementary calcium-silicate hydrates — the backbone of concrete strength. When a colloidal silica-based finishing aid is worked into the surface of fresh concrete, it increases the amount of cement paste with only a small addition of water. Incorporating this added silica and excess water into C-S-H makes the overall cement matrix denser. The degree of cement hydration is increased, the w/cm ratio is effectively lowered, and the paste contains smaller and fewer pores.  

Benefits  

Colloidal silica offers several unique benefits in concrete applications, particularly during the finishing stage. These advantages make it a valuable tool in certain situations, especially where improving workability, ease of application and reduction of early surface issues are a priority.  

Improved Workability and Lubrication  

One of the notable benefits of colloidal silica is its capacity to act as a lubrication aid during troweling. When applied to wet concrete, colloidal silica particles create a ball-bearing effect, reducing friction between the trowel and the concrete surface. This effect allows for smoother, easier movement of the trowel, requiring less effort from workers and ultimately improving the efficiency of the finishing process. Colloidal silica reduces worker fatigue by lowering tool resistance and helps produce a more consistent, polished surface.  

In addition to easing troweling, colloidal silica increases the workability window of wet concrete by as much as 40%. This added workability allows for more manageable spreading and leveling, which is particularly beneficial in large-scale pours where even distribution and control are essential. Colloidal silica use can also reduce tool wear over time, as workers can achieve a smooth finish with less force.  

Reduced Shrinkage Cracking and Curling  

Colloidal silica can enhance concrete’s resistance to shrinkage cracking and curling, two common issues that arise as concrete cures and experiences shrinkage. By filling the micro-pores near the surface, colloidal silica reduces the amount of moisture loss during the finishing process, helping to prevent the rapid drying that often leads to cracking. This moisture-retaining property helps control shrinkage and, in turn, reduces the likelihood of both visible surface cracking and internal microcracking, which can compromise concrete’s durability over time.  

Curling, which occurs when the top of the concrete slab dries and shrinks more quickly than the bottom, is also minimized with colloidal silica. By slowing down surface drying, colloidal silica helps create a more uniform moisture profile throughout the slab, reducing the tension between layers that leads to curling. This is particularly beneficial in thinner or wide-spanning concrete applications, where curling can be a significant structural concern.  

Protection Against Scaling and Crazing  

Scaling and crazing are two surface issues that can detract from concrete’s appearance and functionality. Scaling occurs when surface layers flake off or spall due to freeze-thaw cycles, deicing chemicals or poor curing practices. By promoting a denser surface layer, colloidal silica can improve freeze-thaw durability, making the concrete more resistant to scaling. This benefit is especially useful in exterior concrete exposed to harsh weather or deicing salts.  

Crazing, the formation of a network of fine hairline cracks on the surface, is often caused by rapid drying and shrinkage during the late stages of finishing and early stages of curing. Colloidal silica’s moisture-retaining properties and ability to densify the top layer help prevent crazing by ensuring that surface layers dry at a more controlled rate. This makes it a valuable tool in applications where a visually smooth, crack-free finish is desired.  

Applications  

Colloidal silica can be highly effective for specific concrete flatwork applications, particularly in adverse environmental conditions. When applied to surfaces exposed to direct sunlight, low humidity, high temperatures or windy environments, colloidal silica helps prevent rapid moisture loss, reducing the risk of common surface defects like shrinkage cracking and curling. This moisture retention property is essential for achieving a consistent finish in challenging outdoor conditions, which is especially valuable on commercial, industrial, warehouse and retail flooring and parking structures.   

For decorative concrete applications, colloidal silica is critical in preserving appearance and minimizing surface defects, such as crazing and scaling, which can mar the finish of colored or patterned surfaces. Promoting uniform finishing ensures a consistent look, which is vital for decorative concrete projects where aesthetics are a priority. Additionally, colloidal silica’s benefits extend to interior slabs, where reduced dusting, lower vapor transmission and improved resistance to abrasion and liquid penetration enhance the longevity and functionality of exposed concrete floors or surfaces designed to be covered. These properties make colloidal silica an optimal choice for various flatwork applications that require both durability and a high-quality, defect-free finish. 

Limitations of Colloidal Silica

Colloidal silica is often marketed as an effective solution for concrete densification, increased strength and improved abrasion resistance. However, it frequently falls short of these claims, particularly in comparison to other concrete densifiers like lithium and sodium silicate-based products. The underlying reasons relate to the physical and chemical interactions of colloidal silica within the concrete and its limited bonding strength.  

Weaker Chemical Bonds  

Colloidal silica is often marketed for concrete densification due to its ability to penetrate and fill micro-pores, creating a denser surface. However, its effectiveness is limited compared to other densifying products when it comes to providing long-term strengthening and bonding, and this is mainly due to the nature of the bonds it forms within the concrete matrix.  

Covalent vs. Hydrogen Bonds  

Silicate-based densifiers create covalent chemical bonds with the calcium hydroxide in concrete to form C-S-H, the primary component that strengthens and hardens concrete. For maximum durability, densifiers ideally form covalent bonds, which are strong and stable due to the sharing of electrons between atoms. These bonds are robust against environmental stressors like moisture and temperature changes, making them ideal for concrete facing various weather conditions and loads over time.  

Colloidal silica, however, relies primarily on hydrogen bonding. Hydrogen bonds are generally weaker than covalent bonds because they are based on attractions between polar molecules rather than the sharing of electrons. Consequently, colloidal silica lacks the chemical foundation to create strong, enduring C-S-H bonds, leading to a relatively weak interaction within the concrete matrix. Over time, these hydrogen bonds may break down under conditions of moisture or stress, diminishing the long-term performance of the treatment.  

Silicate-based densifiers form covalent bonds with concrete, producing a more stable and permanent C-S-H structure. This more robust bonding results in a more durable and resilient concrete surface, as covalent bonds are less susceptible to breaking under environmental stress. As a result, while colloidal silica can offer short-term densification, it often does not provide the same level of strengthening and durability as products capable of forming covalent bonds.  

Densification Issues  

Effective densification in concrete relies on the depth and permanence of the densifier’s integration with the concrete’s pore structure. Colloidal silica particles are typically larger than those in lithium or sodium silicate-based products, limiting their ability to penetrate deeply into the concrete matrix. This shallow penetration means that colloidal silica can only densify the uppermost surface layers, which can wear down more quickly over time. Conversely, silicate-based densifiers can penetrate deeper, promoting densification throughout a more significant portion of the concrete matrix, resulting in greater structural integrity over the life of the concrete.  

Due to its limited penetration and shallow action, colloidal silica cannot achieve the same level of pore filling as other densifiers, potentially allowing more water infiltration and weakening over time. Colloidal silica densification tends to quickly wear down over time, especially under mechanical stress or exposure to moisture, freezing and thawing. This can lead to premature deterioration in high-wear applications, such as industrial floors, driveways and exterior pavements.  

Abrasion Resistance  

Abrasion resistance is critical for concrete surfaces that undergo heavy forklift or other vehicle loads, frequent foot traffic, or environmental exposure. Abrasion resistance depends heavily on the densifier’s ability to bond firmly and uniformly within the concrete matrix. Since colloidal silica’s bonds are relatively weak, the treated surface often lacks the durable, abrasion-resistant quality that other densifiers provide.   

Colloidal silica densifies only the topmost layer of the concrete due to its limited penetration depth. This initial improvement in hardness and abrasion resistance on the surface may appear beneficial right after application. However, this dense layer wears down more quickly than a deeply densified surface. As surface layers erode under traffic, the untreated layers beneath are exposed, rapidly reducing abrasion resistance. Lithium and sodium silicate-based densifiers develop a harder, more resilient surface that can withstand wear better. Their chemical reaction produces a denser, more integrated C-S-H structure, making the concrete less prone to abrasion.  

Concrete surfaces exposed to exterior environmental conditions, such as freeze-thaw cycles, rain and deicing chemicals, are prone to abrasion and degradation. Colloidal silica’s shallow penetration makes it less able to protect concrete in these challenging environments. As the surface layer wears down due to freeze-thaw cycles or chemical exposure, the untreated layers below are more easily affected by environmental stressors. This can lead to scaling, flaking, and increased abrasion susceptibility. Silicate-based densifiers are better suited to these conditions because they penetrate deeper and create a more robust, integrated surface layer. This stronger layer can better resist environmental abrasion, making it more durable and reducing the need for frequent maintenance or re-application. 

Conclusion

In conclusion, while colloidal silica presents certain advantages for concrete applications, particularly during the finishing stage, its limitations as a densifier for Type 1L concrete become evident when assessed against competing silicate-based densifier products. This white paper has highlighted that colloidal silica, despite its widespread promotion, often fails to deliver on its claims regarding enhanced strength, densification and abrasion resistance. The reliance on hydrogen bonding within the concrete matrix results in a weaker, less durable interaction than the covalent bonds formed by lithium and sodium silicate-based densifiers.  

Colloidal silica may provide superficial surface hardness and initial workability improvements, yet these benefits do not translate into long-term resilience or structural integrity. As discussed, its shallow penetration limits its effectiveness in achieving deeper densification, ultimately leaving the concrete susceptible to wear and environmental stressors. Alternative silicate-based densifiers applied after concrete curing combined with colloidal silicas applied during the finishing process should be considered for projects that demand lasting durability and performance to ensure the concrete’s strength and abrasion resistance meet the necessary standards. Therefore, while colloidal silica can be a valuable tool in specific contexts, it is essential to recognize its constraints and select the appropriate densifier for specific project requirements to achieve optimal concrete performance.  

Building Back Better: Concrete and Fire

The second article in a series about concrete housing 

By Joe Nasvik 

There are many ways to build a concrete home; the most popular methods today include removable form, precast concrete, grout-filled concrete block, and insulating concrete forms (ICF). Concrete homes can be very expensive modern constructions, built to look like any other house on the street, or mass-constructed to be the most cost-efficient. 

In some ways it’s easier to discuss how concrete houses can resist hurricanes, tornados, floods and earthquakes than it is to relate how they can perform in fire situations. However, for people in Los Angeles, the concern is about fires and knowing how to rebuild lost homes with better fire resistance. Certainly no one wants this to happen again in a climate that will likely produce conditions ever more favorable to out-of-control fires. 

What can be said about concrete without reservation is that it is a non-combustible material and has good resistance to fire. But it is fire-resistant, not fire-proof. No material is fire-proof because at some point intense heat changes the characteristics of all materials, including concrete. The two factors that change concrete’s resistance to fire are the intensity of heat it is exposed to and the length of time of that exposure. These two conditions are what designers and engineers work with to provide safe structures.
 

Fire testing 

The National Bureau of Standards (now, NIST) instituted building fire research in the early 20th century, testing several different building materials. The focus on concrete accelerated in the early 1950’s when the Portland Cement Association (PCA), located in Skokie, Illinois, built a large testing facility for fire testing concrete, much of it directed toward building elements such as columns, beams and floors. They worked to increase its performance and provide needed guidelines and specifications for building with concrete. They also heated concrete to failure to better understand the nature of failures. 

Kevin Mueller, a senior associate in the Protective Design Group at Thornton Tomasetti in Chicago, Illinois, says he once tested a concrete wall in a fire testing laboratory for 14 hours. The heat was directed at only one side of the wall, and it ultimately reached 2000 degrees Fahrenheit. He said that at the nine-hour mark there was little observable damage. After 14 hours there was surface damage, but the wall remained structurally intact. Maged Youssef, a professor of engineering at Western University in London, Ontario, says the water in the concrete (there is always some water in concrete) can be turned to steam with sustained heating, causing spalling on surfaces. Thomas Gernay, an assistant professor of structural fire engineering at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, cautions that the load-bearing level of concrete also changes when it is heated. “At 1100 degrees Fahrenheit it loses about half its compressive strength, and this remains the case after the concrete cools afterwards. But it takes a high fuel load to do this,” he says.   

Mueller adds that the first signs of concrete deterioration due to heat occur when water begins to leave the concrete. “At 1100 degrees the water-of-hydration has been completely driven off, leading to a permanent and irreversible breakdown in the chemical bonds of the concrete.”  

 

The relationship between concrete and reinforcing steel 

When engineers design slabs with concrete and rebar together the result is structural concrete that can support high loads.  Concrete is very strong in compression, and steel is strong in tensile strength, so the two materials complement each other. Gernay, Mueller and Youssef (each a member of ACI 216 – Fire Resistance and Fire Protection of Structures) all agree that when steel temperatures reach 800 degrees Fahrenheit, it becomes pliable and bends in the direction of forces applied to it. Concrete on the other hand is a poor conductor of heat, and it takes considerable time for heat to move through it, protecting steel reinforcement (rebar) from reaching critical 800-degree temperatures. There is general agreement in the industry that an inch of concrete (referred to as “cover”) over rebar protects it from reaching 800 degrees Fahrenheit for approximately one hour—two-inch cover protects it for two hours. Building code authorities sometimes state the thickness of cover they want for buildings in their jurisdictions.  

Protecting steel reinforcement from heat is the highest priority for concrete in a fire setting. Mueller says that an intense local fire can do some damage to part of a concrete home whereas a long exposure to temperatures of 1000 degrees Fahrenheit for a large area can cause the concrete to fail. 

 

Wildfires 

The fires in Los Angeles were driven by winds as high as 100 mph, burning brush and things that produced high temperatures. Burning embers driven by the wind at high speeds preceded the fires, igniting anything that would burn. The embers found their way inside houses and under roofs, starting very hot whole-house fires that burned buildings to the ground. In the best of all worlds a wildfire would pass a concrete house designed to be fire-resistant and continue on its way, with little time to develop much heat in the concrete. Afterward, homeowners could clean up the debris, move back in and life would go on.  

Youssef says the goal for all homes should be to keep combustible materials away from the outside of homes to ensure low heat development. But, for example, knowing how to protect propane tanks in regions where they are needed is a problem requiring expert help. 

 

Preventing fire from getting inside 

A major objective for all types of house construction should be to prevent outside fires from getting inside. For concrete houses, the primary concern is the fuel load of the furnishings.  It’s possible that the furnishings could elevate temperatures enough in some rooms to cause damage to the structure, although that is perhaps unlikely. But homeowners should consider their furnishings and the amount of fuel they represent.  

Regardless of the material used to construct a house builders and owners should prevent fires from getting to the inside.  

Youssef says the two most vulnerable locations for fire entry are roofs and windows. Flammable materials such as asphalt or wood shingles on roofs shouldn’t be used. Most roofs have vents to allow for air circulation inside the roof cavity, and these vents should be constructed to prevent sparks and embers from entering the building envelope. The same is true for washer, dryer and furnace vents.  

Some concrete home systems have concrete walls but use wood to construct pitched roofs. Flat roofs constructed with engineered concrete slabs are a better option for fire protection, and they can be designed to handle whatever load is needed.  

Many concrete home constructions use other materials to construct interior walls to help reduce construction costs and make it easier to install plumbing, electrical and allow for the redesign of inside spaces in the future. Instead of using wood studs for this, consider using steel studs as a better way to reduce the inside fuel load, as this is a standard approach for commercial construction. 

Youssef says that fire doesn’t typically gain entrance to the inside of a house by melting the glass in windows, The uneven temperature gradient developed in the glass panels causes them to break. Surprisingly, some national scope window manufacturers don’t offer fire-rated windows or fire-rated glass at all, so people who live in fire-prone areas like Los Angeles should be careful to buy windows with fire ratings. They might also consider installing fire-resistant shutters to protect windows. 

Sprinkler systems are also an option but can add a significant cost to a construction and would require an adequate water supply.  

 

Concrete and fire 

No building material is perfect but concrete is probably the best all-around choice for fire resistance. It minimizes the fuel load in a home and ensures that fire temperatures won’t get too high. When you build a concrete house, you are also being kind to your neighbors because you are helping to reduce the fire load in your neighborhood. Also, it’s not hard to engineer your home for seismic resistance at the same time that you are designing for fire resistance. 

In the next article in this series, structural engineering and designing homes to resist seismic activity will be discussed. 

Cru Concrete Gives High School Students Hands-On Learning about Rewarding Careers in Concrete Construction

 

The American construction industry is one of the largest in the world, with a commitment to quality, safety and longevity. And within the United States, Wisconsin stands out as a great place to be a construction worker. According to the Associated Builders and Contractors’ 10th annual Merit Shop Scorecard released in December 2024, Wisconsin ranks number one in the country for construction. This annual scorecard looks at all fifty states’ taxpayer-funded construction projects and evaluates policies and programs that further workforce development and careers in construction. This high rating means that an increasing number of young people in the Midwest are choosing to pursue careers in construction straight from high school instead of going to two-year or four-year colleges. 

For students who are interested in entering the construction field but are unsure whether it’s a good fit for them, trade and industry programs at the high school level are a great way to test the waters to see not just whether a career in construction is right for them, but which specific field interests them the most. 

For the past six years, CFA Certified Contractor and member Cru Concrete (formerly Hottmann Construction) of Dane and Waukesha, Wisconsin, has been a proud participant in the Franklin High School’s Advanced Construction class’ house build project. Students from Franklin High School work together with the Cru Concrete crews, learning from experts and helping with every step of the concrete-laying process. This includes installing and removing forms, pouring footings and walls, and completing the many steps involved in the flatwork process.  

Franklin teacher Andrew Mente, who introduced and oversees the program, explains how a house-building project that’s part of this program works. “Our Advanced Construction class collaborates with Tim O’Brien builders to give our students a spec home where we can be a part of the entire house build. Students get to be hands-on from foundation to finish, working side by side with the contractors. They get real-world on the jobsite experience and get to meet and work with twenty-plus tradespeople.” 

Interest in the program continues to grow and garner attention. CBS channel 58 (WDJT-TV) out of Milwaukee featured an in-depth look at the program in October 2024 on their Sunday Morning news. There is currently a waitlist of interested students and a rising amount of interest from female students. Nearly half of the program’s current students are female, which is a sharp increase from years past.

 

Student participant Emily Engel feels the program has given her “a chance to discover new career paths.” Though her focus is more on the electrical field, she sees value in understanding the whole process of how a home is constructed.  

Even students who are not considering careers in construction find they have a lot to learn from the program. Miranda Gander, a Franklin senior who plans to attend the University of Wisconsin -Stout in Menomonie in fall 2025 for industrial and product design, explains how participating in this program will help her in her future career: “It’s really helpful to see all different aspects of people’s jobs so that I can create products eventually that benefit the homeowner.” 

Mente shares, “Working with Cru is a great time for the students because they let the kids get ankle-deep in concrete, placing forms and floating finish. It’s impossible for me as a teacher to recreate that experience at school, so getting them onto actual job sites teaches them so many things they can’t get in a lab.” 

Some students start out thinking a construction career is for them, but the program causes them to reconsider, or to at least shift their focus from one type of construction to another. Other students go into the program expecting to like it and find they love it. These are all wins, because ultimately the goal is to match the right workers with the right careers so strong, lasting partnerships can develop.  

For students who try out the program and are drawn to concrete construction as a career choice, there are opportunities for apprenticeships or, in the case with Cru, getting hired and being provided with on-the-job training. As Mente says, “It’s a great collaboration that benefits both groups and helps make a pipeline for students interested in the trades.” For those students who go through the program and are hired by Cru, they have a clear and direct route to a stable, well-paying career that typically offers plenty of room for growth and advancement. Few jobs can offer that to an 18- or 19-year-old just starting out. But at Cru, many of the executives, including owner Ken Kurszewski, began their careers out in the field and worked their way up. 

“Working with Andrew and his Advanced Construction class has been an incredibly rewarding experience,” says Mike Swift, General Manager at Cru Concrete. “Each year, we look forward to engaging with the students and introducing them to the world of concrete construction. Many high school juniors and seniors are still exploring potential career paths, and this is a unique opportunity for us to show them how they can build a rewarding future here at Cru Concrete.” 

Ultimately, this program is about collaboration, with all involved benefiting. Cru Concrete is proud to be a part of this collaboration and looks forward to many more years of working with Franklin High School students. 

 

SOURCES 

https://www.buildingradar.com/construction-blog/which-country-has-the-largest-construction-industry-an-in-depth-analysis

https://www.abc.org/News-Media/News-Releases/abc-wisconsin-is-the-top-state-for-construction

https://www.cbs58.com/news/this-is-our-classroom-franklin-high-school-students-learn-on-the-job-site 

Interviews with Andrew Mente, Emily Engel, and Miranda Gander 

2025 CFA Projects of the Year Opens for Evaluations

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE

 

Concrete Foundations Association Invites Public to Score 2025 “Projects of the Year” Finalists

Mount Vernon, IA – June 9, 2025 – The Concrete Foundations Association (CFA) is excited to announce the public evaluation period is now open for its 2025 “Projects of the Year” competition. This annual program highlights some of the most impressive and technically challenging cast-in-place concrete foundation projects in the residential and light commercial market—and now, the public has the opportunity to help choose the winners.

🏆 What Is It?
Each year, CFA members submit their best projects to be judged by a panel of industry professionals, with finalists selected across a variety of categories. The final stage invites the broader community—builders, contractors, designers, and enthusiasts—to view and evaluate the finalists based on quality, complexity, creativity, and execution.

🗳 How to Participate:
Public scoring takes approximately one hour and can be completed online at:
👉 https://freeonlinesurveys.com/s/ZSUwa85J

Each entry includes detailed descriptions and photos so participants can make informed evaluations. The public’s input is combined with peer review scoring to determine the overall winners.

Why It Matters:

• Recognizes Excellence – These projects represent the best in concrete foundation craftsmanship and innovation.
• Inspires the Industry – From complex foundation systems on sloped lots to decorative above-grade concrete, these entries showcase the versatility and strength of poured concrete solutions.
• Supports Skilled Labor – Every vote helps honor the crews, companies, and engineers behind these outstanding projects.

About the Competition:
Now in its 26th year, the CFA “Projects of the Year” competition receives submissions from across North America. Categories include small to large residential foundations, commercial/multi-family work, decorative concrete, and non-foundation structural elements. Winners are featured in Concrete Facts magazine and honored at the CFA Summer Meeting. Evaluation for the projects submitted ends at 11:59 pm on June 12th. Projects will be publicly announced during the Association’s signature event, CFACON25 in Deadwood, South Dakota (July 17-19) during the Kick-Off Bash and Awards Gala on Thursday, July 17th.

About the CFA:

Now in its 50th year, the Concrete Foundations Association is the leading nonprofit organization representing cast-in-place concrete contractors. With a mission to support professionalism, safety, and technical advancement, CFA serves as the industry’s voice and resource hub.

 

Learn More:
Explore past winners and learn more about how to participate in this members-only competition at www.cfaconcretepros.org or www.concretefactsmagazine.com.

Media Contact:
James Baty, Executive Director
Concrete Foundations Association
Email: info@cfaconcretepros.org
Phone: (319) 895-6940

— END —

La Edición Primavera 2025 de la Revista Concrete Facts ya Disponible en Español

La Concrete Foundations Association (CFA) se complace en anunciar la edición en español de la última publicación de su revista sectorial, Concrete Facts. Publicada trimestralmente tanto en inglés como en español, Concrete Facts ofrece valiosos conocimientos , experiencia técnica y actualizaciones de la industria para los profesionales de concreto que hablan inglés o español en toda América del Norte y más allá.

Según James Baty, Director Ejecutivo de la CFA, publicando la revista en español abre las puertas a un mayor acceso a conocimientos esenciales, mejores prácticas de seguridad y las últimas tendencias de la industria. A continuación, se presentan las características clave de la edición en español de Concrete Facts, disponible en línea como un libro interactivo de páginas volteables:

• Experiencia de la industria en español: Accede a artículos técnicos, mejores prácticas en el campo y estrategias empresariales diseñadas específicamente para el sector del concreto, presentados en español.
• Recursos prácticos para profesionales de la construcción: Los temas incluyen seguridad, técnicas listas para el campo, innovaciones en el lugar de trabajo y casos de éxito reales para ayudar a los equipos de habla hispana a sobresalir.
• Empoderando a los propietarios de empresas hispanohablantes: Mantente al día con los cambios en normativas, avances tecnológicos y oportunidades de mercado que están dando forma a la industria del concreto.
• Para contratistas con equipos diversos: Mejora la comunicación en el lugar de trabajo y la capacitación con contenido que elimine las barreras lingüísticas, fortaleciendo tu empresa desde adentro.
• Cobertura integral: Desde la resiliencia en la construcción y desarrollo de liderazgo hasta la gestión de proyectos y noticias de la asociación, cada edición ofrece orientaciones prácticas.

Además de la opción del  libro interactivo, los artículos en inglés y español están disponibles de forma gratuita en el sitio web de Concrete Facts en https://concretefactsmagazine.com/,  asegurando que el contenido valioso llegue a todos los rincones de la industria.

“Reconocemos la importancia de tener nuestro contenido disponible tanto en español como en inglés”, -dijo Baty. “Nuestro objetivo en las próximas ediciones es encontrar nuevas formas de capturar las historias de nuestros líderes de la industria de hable hispana para que la voz de CFA para los contratistas de concreto in situ de hoy realmente dé voz y reconocimiento a todos”.

Accede a la última edición y explora artículos recientes en español e inglés de forma gratuita en https://concretefactsmagazine.com/.

Concrete Facts Magazine Spring 2025 Issue Now Available in Spanish

The Concrete Foundations Association (CFA) is excited to highlight the Spanish-language edition of the latest issue of its industry magazine, Concrete Facts. Released quarterly in both English and Spanish, Concrete Facts delivers high-value insights, technical expertise and industry updates to English- and Spanish-speaking concrete professionals across North America and beyond.

According to James Baty, Executive Director of CFA, publishing the magazine in Spanish opens the doors for greater access to vital knowledge, safety best practices and the latest industry trends. Following are key features of the Concrete Facts Spanish Edition, which is available online as an interactive flipbook:

• Industry expertise in Spanish: Get access to technical articles, field best practices and business strategies designed specifically for the concrete sector, delivered in Spanish.
• Practical resources for construction professionals: Topics cover safety, field-ready techniques, jobsite innovations and real-world success stories to help Spanish-speaking teams excel.
• Empowering Spanish-speaking business owners: Stay up to date with evolving regulations, technological advances and market opportunities shaping the concrete industry.
• For contractors with diverse teams: Enhance workplace communication and training with content that bridges language gaps, strengthening your company from within.
• Comprehensive coverage: From resilience in construction and leadership development to project management and association news, every issue provides actionable guidance.

In addition to the flipbook option, both English and Spanish articles are also freely accessible via the Concrete Facts website at https://concretefactsmagazine.com/, ensuring valuable content reaches every corner of the industry.

“We recognize the importance of having our content available in both Spanish and English,” said Baty. “Our goal in the coming issues is to find new ways to capture the stories of our Spanish-speaking industry leaders so that CFA’s voice for today’s cast-in-place contractor truly does give voice and recognition to all.”

Access the latest issue and browse recent articles in Spanish and English for free at https://concretefactsmagazine.com/.

How to Rewire Your Brain for Success

The human brain is incredibly adaptable. It holds the potential to change, learn and grow throughout our lives. However, many people unknowingly sabotage this by operating with a fixed mindset, the belief that abilities and intelligence are static. Research shows that this mindset limits personal and professional success, as well as discourages positive change. On the other hand a growth mindset, the belief that skills can be developed, unlocks boundless possibilities. 

Do you feel stuck, unmotivated or frustrated by repeated challenges? Maybe you find yourself resisting new experiences or feeling overwhelmed and burnt out by stress. These are just a few of the symptoms of a fixed mindset.  

The key to shifting from a fixed to a growth mindset is in the chemistry of our brains. The chemicals dopamine, serotonin, endorphins and oxytocin all play a role in our motivation, emotional resilience and adaptability. If your brain has lower levels of these chemicals, change becomes a challenge. However, adding some simple self-care practices to your life can increase these neurotransmitters and prime your brain for growth. 

Eight Strategies to Rewire Your Brain 

1. Improve Your Sleep Habits: Sleep is foundational for mental and physical health. During sleep, the brain clears toxins, consolidates memories and prepares for new learning. Aim for seven to nine hours of consistent, high-quality sleep by establishing a bedtime routine, avoiding screens before bed and creating a relaxing sleep environment. 

2. Eat for Brain Health: Nutrition profoundly impacts the brain. A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, lean proteins and complex carbohydrates supports the production of neurotransmitters like serotonin. Avoid processed foods and added sugars, as they can disrupt your gut microbiome and negatively affect mood and cognitive function. Even small dietary changes, such as reducing sugar or increasing fiber intake, can make a noticeable difference. 

3. Get Moving: Regular physical activity boosts endorphins, reduces stress and improves overall brain function. Even moderate exercise like walking, swimming or yoga, oxygenates the brain and strengthens its adaptability. Consistency is key, so find a form of movement that feels enjoyable and sustainable.  

4. Practice Mindful Focus: Constant distractions diminish focus and productivity. Train your brain by practicing mindfulness or meditation. Focus on one task at a time and take periodic breaks from technology to recalibrate your attention. Even five minutes a day of deep breathing or intentional concentration can improve your ability to manage stress and improve clarity. 

5. Calm Your Mind: Chronic stress impairs the brain’s ability to adapt and grow. Counteract stress by engaging in calming activities like nature walks, deep breathing exercises or journaling. Quiet moments allow the brain to reset and process information more effectively. Immersing yourself in peaceful surroundings, such as a park or forest, can significantly lower cortisol levels and foster a sense of well-being. 

6. Embrace New Experiences: Novel experiences stimulate neuroplasticity by challenging the brain to form new connections. Learning a new skill, taking up a hobby or exploring a creative activity all encourage growth and adaptability in your brain. Whether it’s learning to cook, play an instrument or paint, pushing yourself to try something unfamiliar keeps your brain active and flexible. 

7. Cultivate Gratitude: Gratitude directly impacts brain chemistry by increasing dopamine and serotonin levels. Start a daily gratitude journal to focus on the positive aspects of your life. This simple practice shifts your perspective toward growth. Gratitude also enhances your relationships, which strengthens social bonds and further supports emotional health. 

8. Engage Your Senses: Deep observation helps you become more present and aware of the world around you. Take time to fully engage your senses, whether it’s savoring the taste of food, listening to the sounds of nature or noticing details in your surroundings. This practice promotes mindfulness, stimulates curiosity and encourages a sense of wonder about the world. 

The Growth Journey Starts Now

Rewiring your brain is not an overnight process. It requires discipline, rigor and the development of the right habits. By incorporating even just a few of these self-care strategies into your life, you’ll create the foundation for sustained personal and professional growth. 

Start with one practice today and commit to building from there. Small, consistent changes lead to significant transformations over time. Embrace the journey and watch your mindset shift from thinking about what isn’t possible to everything that is possible. 

Having an open mindset is a necessity. An open mindset encourages innovation, strengthens relationships and helps us navigate change with confidence. On the other hand, holding onto rigid beliefs or outdated views can lead to missed opportunities and stalled growth. In a world that rewards flexibility, a closed mind can hold you back more than ever before. With rapid advancements in technology, shifting social landscapes and global challenges, those who stay curious, adaptable and open to new ideas are the ones who thrive. 

About the Author: 

Margaret Graziano, known as the Evolutionist, is the founder and CEO of KeenAlignment, as well as a Wall Street Journal Best-Selling Author for her book Ignite Culture.  She has been recognized as one of Silicon Valley’s Top 100 Women Leaders. Margaret’s groundbreaking work is driven by her power to uncover and catalyze human potential. Go to www.MargaretGraziano.com for more information.